⚠️ Important: Lab results should always be discussed with your care team. Do not make treatment changes on your own.
eGFR (Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate)
What it is: A measure of how well your kidneys filter waste from your blood.
Normal range: 60–150 mL/min/1.73m²
What the numbers mean: Above 90 = normal function; 60–89 = mildly reduced; 45–59 = moderate; 30–44 = severe; below 30 = very severe; below 15 = kidney failure.
❓ Example: "My eGFR dropped from 90 to 45 in 3 months. What does this mean?"
🤖 AI response: "A drop from 90 to 45 is significant and means your kidney function has reduced by about half. This needs urgent discussion with your care team. Possible reasons include dehydration, infection, medication side effects, or progression of kidney disease. Do not change your medications without speaking to your doctor. Please contact your renal team as soon as possible."
🤖 AI response: "A drop from 90 to 45 is significant and means your kidney function has reduced by about half. This needs urgent discussion with your care team. Possible reasons include dehydration, infection, medication side effects, or progression of kidney disease. Do not change your medications without speaking to your doctor. Please contact your renal team as soon as possible."
Creatinine
What it is: A waste product from normal muscle activity. Healthy kidneys filter it out.
Normal range: 0.6–1.1 mg/dL (or 50–100 µmol/L)
❓ Example: "My creatinine is 4 mg/dL. What does that mean?"
🤖 AI response: "A creatinine of 4 mg/dL is high (normal is 0.6–1.1). This means your kidneys are not filtering waste effectively. Causes can include dehydration, kidney disease progression, certain medications, or infection. I recommend contacting your renal team to discuss this result."
🤖 AI response: "A creatinine of 4 mg/dL is high (normal is 0.6–1.1). This means your kidneys are not filtering waste effectively. Causes can include dehydration, kidney disease progression, certain medications, or infection. I recommend contacting your renal team to discuss this result."
Potassium
What it is: A mineral that helps your nerves and muscles, especially your heart, work properly.
Normal range: 3.5–5.0 mmol/L
Danger levels: Over 6.0 is a medical emergency.
❓ Example: "My potassium is 5.3. What foods should I avoid?"
🤖 AI response: "Potassium 5.3 is slightly high. Avoid bananas, oranges, potatoes, tomatoes, avocados, and salt substitutes. Safe foods include apples, berries, cabbage, white bread, and chicken. If your potassium reaches 6.0 or above, or if you feel heart palpitations or weakness, seek medical help immediately."
🤖 AI response: "Potassium 5.3 is slightly high. Avoid bananas, oranges, potatoes, tomatoes, avocados, and salt substitutes. Safe foods include apples, berries, cabbage, white bread, and chicken. If your potassium reaches 6.0 or above, or if you feel heart palpitations or weakness, seek medical help immediately."
Haemoglobin
What it is: The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen around your body.
Normal range: Men: 120–160 g/L, Women: 110–150 g/L
❓ Example: "My haemoglobin is 96. Why am I so tired?"
🤖 AI response: "Haemoglobin 96 is low – this is anaemia. Your body isn't getting enough oxygen, which causes fatigue and weakness. In kidney disease, anaemia is common. Your team may treat this with iron supplements or EPO injections. Have you been getting your Aranesp injections as scheduled?"
🤖 AI response: "Haemoglobin 96 is low – this is anaemia. Your body isn't getting enough oxygen, which causes fatigue and weakness. In kidney disease, anaemia is common. Your team may treat this with iron supplements or EPO injections. Have you been getting your Aranesp injections as scheduled?"